In the township and range system each township and range square is ________ miles on a side.8/19/2023 The system was created by the Land Ordinance of 1785. 3.2 Understanding property descriptions.The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) announced in 2000 an updated manual is currently under preparation. The survey was "the first mathematically designed system and nationally conducted cadastral survey in any modern country" and is "an object of study by public officials of foreign countries as a basis for land reform." The detailed survey methods to be applied for the PLSS are described in a series of Instructions and Manuals issued by the General Land Office, the latest edition being the "The Manual of Instructions for the Survey of the Public Lands Of The United States, 1973" available from the U.S. It is sometimes referred to as the rectangular survey system, although non rectangular methods such as meandering can also be used. Its basic units of area are the township and section. Base Line, and F.The Public Land Survey System (PLSS) is a method used in the United States to survey and identify land parcels, particularly for titles and deeds of rural, wild or undeveloped land. County lines, especially in western states, usually follow survey township lines, leading to the large number of rectangular counties in the Midwest, which are agglomerations of survey townships. In states with civil townships, the two types of townships often coincide. A survey township is used to establish boundaries for land ownership, while a civil township is a form of local government. Survey townships are distinct from civil townships. These townships also have the area of 36 square miles (six miles by six miles). In western Canada, the Dominion Land Survey adopted a similar format for survey townships, which do not form administrative units. Stemming from that are the idiomatic expressions, "the lower 40", the 40 acres on a settler's land that is lowest in elevation, in the direction towards which water drains toward a stream, and the " back forty", the portion farthest from the settler's dwelling. In the Homestead Act of 1862, one quarter-section of land was the amount allocated to each settler. Sections are divided into quarter-sections of 160 acres (65 ha) each and quarter-quarter sections of 40 acres (16 ha) each. These are often known as Congressional Townships. Prior to standardization, some of the Ohio Lands (the United States Military District, the Firelands and the Connecticut Western Reserve) were surveyed into townships of 5 miles (8.0 km) on each side. Virtually all lands covered by this system were sold according to those boundaries and are marked on the U.S. Later survey crews subdivided the townships into section (interior) lines. Township (exterior) lines were originally surveyed and platted by the US General Land Office using contracted private survey crews. For example, Township 2 North, Range 4 East is the 4th township east of the principal meridian and the 2nd township north of the base line. The townships are referenced by a numbering system that locates the township in relation to a principal meridian (north-south) and a base line (east-west). The sections can be further subdivided for sale. Each 36-square-mile (about 93.2 km 2) township is divided into 36 sections of one square mile (640 acres, roughly 2.6 km 2) each. Of the civil townships shown on this map, only Pine Township exactly matches a survey township with 36 sections.Ī survey township, sometimes called a Congressional township or just township, as used by the United States Public Land Survey System and by Canada's Dominion Land Survey is a nominally-square area of land that is nominally six survey miles (about 9.66 km) on a side. The survey townships are represented by the numbers (horizontal "town" and vertical "range" numbers), and the civil townships using the same boundaries are represented by the names. 1826 map of the Connecticut Western Reserve in northern Ohio showing both survey and civil townships.
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